Table 6 Psychological factors and therapy according to chronification stage
Pain chronification (MPSS), total of patients, n = 115 | Stage I, n = 40 (34.8%) | Stage II, n = 52 (45.2%) | Stage III, n = 23 (20.0%) |
|---|---|---|---|
HADS Anxiety Score | |||
 Positive | 1/37 (2.7%) | 7/46 (15.2%) | 9/21 (42.9%) |
 Borderline | 6/37 (16.2%) | 9/46 (19.6%) | 6/21 (28.6%) |
HADS Depression Score | |||
 Positive | 1/37 (2.7%) | 4/45 (8.9%) | 6/21 (28.6%) |
 Borderline | 3/37 (8.1%) | 4/45 (8.9%) | 6/21 (28.6%) |
MFHW ≤ 10 | 3/39 (7.7%) | 8/48 (16.7%) | 9/23 (39.1%) |
Analgesic drug therapy overall | 12/40 (30.0%) | 30/52 (57.7%) | 19/23 (82.6%) |
 Analgesics WHO I (non-opioids) | 12/40 (30.0%) | 29/52 (55.8%) | 16/23 (69.5%) |
 Analgesics WHO II (mild opioids) | 1/40 (2.5%) | 4/52 (7.6%) | 7/23 (30.4%) |
 Analgesics WHO III (strong opioids) | 0/40 (0.0%) | 1/52 (1.9%) | 5/23 (21.7%) |
Adjuvant pain medication | |||
 Antidepressants | 3/40 (7.5%) | 9/52 (17.3%) | 5/23 (21.7%) |
 Anticonvulsants | 0/40 (0.0%) | 2/52 (3.8%) | 1/23 (4.3%) |
Ambulant examination or therapy by | |||
 Pain therapist | 1/39 (2.6%) | 1/50 (2.0%) | 3/23 (13.0%) |
 Psychiatrist or psychologist | 0/39 (0.0%) | 3/50 (6.0%) | 7/23 (30.4%) |
Pain-related stationary treatment | 4/34 (11.8%) | 13/47 (27.7%) | 13/20 (65.0%) |
Pain-related stay in rehabilitation facility | 2/33 (6.1%) | 2/45 (4.4%) | 7/19 (36.8%) |