Fig. 1

The potential pathogenesis of autoimmune congenital heart block and its prevention and treatment. A Accumulation of apoptotic cardiomyocytes, inflammation, extensive fibrosis, calcification, and scarring play an important role in the induction of ACHB. B Antibodies may disturb the electrical activity of cardiomyocytes in the conduction system through dysregulating intracellular calcium homeostasis. C Management in pregnant women with positive anti-Ro/SSA and/or anti-La/SSB antibodies or rheumatic diseases during pregnancy. D Treatment for ACHB fetuses