Table 2 Clinical, functional, disease activity, and serological parameters of naïve (n = 225) and biologic agents failure (n = 460) PsA patients over a 48-month follow-up period

TJ [0–68], median (IQR)

 Naïve

6 (2–11)

4 (0–5)

4 (0–1)

2 (0–1)

1 (0–1)

1 (0–1)

 Non-naïve

6 (2–11)

4 (0–5)

2 (0–4)

2 (0–1)

1 (0–2)

1 (0–2)

 p

ns

ns

ns

ns

ns

ns

SJ [0–66], median (IQR)

 Naïve

1 (0–2)

1 (0–1)

0.5 (0–1)

0.0 (0–0.5)

0.0 (0.0–0.2)

0.0 (0.0–0.0)

 Non-naïve

3 (1–3)

1 (0–1)

0.7 (0–1.2)

0.2 (0–0.8)

0.1 (0.0–0.6)

0.0 (0.0–0.1)

 p

p = 0.05

ns

ns

ns

ns

ns

LEI [0–6], median (IQR)

 Naïve

2 (0–3)

0.1 (0–2)

0.1 (0–1)

0.0 (0–0.3)

0.0 (0–0.1)

0.0 (0.0–0.0)

 Non-naïve

2 (0–3)

0.4 (0–2)

0.3 (0–1)

0.2 (0–0.7)

0.1 (0–0.8)

0.0 (0.0–0.2)

 p

ns

ns

ns

ns

ns

ns

Dactylitis [0–20], median (IQR)

 Naïve

0.7 (0.4–0.9)

0.5 (0.2–0.7)

0.2 (0.1–0.6)

0.1 (0.0–0.5)

0.0 (0.0–0.1)

0.0 (0.0–0.0)

 Non-naïve

0.9 (0.8–1.3)

0.6 (0.2–0.9)

0.3 (0.1–0.9)

0.4 (0.2–0.9)

0.0 (0.0–0.2)

0.0 (0.0–0.2)

 p

ns

ns

ns

ns

ns

ns

PASI [0–72], median (IQR)

 Naïve

3.1 (1.3–4.4)

0.4 (0.1–3.3)

0.1 (0.0–2.1)

0.1 (0.0–1.7)

0.0 (0.0–1.0)

0.0 (0.0–0.5)

 Non-naïve

4.1 (2.1–5.5)

0.8 (0.2–4.1)

0.4 (0.0–2.5)

0.6 (0.0–2.1)

0.2 (0.0–1.3)

0.1 (0.0–0.8)

 p

ns

ns

ns

ns

ns

ns

ESR [0–25] (mm/h), median (IQR)

 Naïve

15 (7–24.3)

10 (5–20)

9 (4–16)

9 (5.0–12.5)

9 (5.0–15.0)

8 (5.0–12.7)

 Non-naïve

15 (7–28)

12 (6–24)

12 (6–20)

12 (5–20)

12 (6–18)

10 (15–16.8)

 p

ns

ns

p = 0.05

p = 0.05

p = 0.05

p = 0.05

CRP [0–6] (mg/L), median (IQR)

 Naïve

3.2 (1.3–7.9)

2.2 (1.0–4.0)

2.3 (1.0–4.0)

2.0 (1.0–3.2)

2.0 (1.0–3.0)

2.0 (1.0–3.3)

 Non-naïve

3.6 (1.2–7.9)

2.9 (1.2–6.0)

2.1 (1.0–5.0)

2.0 (1.0–4.0)

2.0 (1.0–3.7)

2.0 (1.0–3.8)

 p

ns

ns

ns

ns

ns

ns

DAPSA [0–164], median (IQR)

 Naïve

23 (17.1–30)

11.1 (6.4–17.9)

9 (4.5–14.8)

5.2 (1.3–11.8)

4.7 (2.1–10.3)

4.0 (1.4–8.1)

 Non-naïve

23 (17–30.8)

13.5 (8.9–20.5)

10 (6.0–17.4)

8.1 (3.3–14.1)

6 (2.0–12.3)

6.0 (2.2–10.4)

 p

ns

p = 0.05

p = 0.05

p = 0.04

p =  0.05

p = 0.04

ASDAS-CRP [0–6], median (IQR)

 Naïve

3.1 (2.5–3.5)

2.1 (1.4–2.6)

1.5 (1.0–2.5)

1.2 (0.7–2.0)

1.2 (0.6–1.7)

1.1 (0.3–1.6)

 Non-naïve

3.3 (2.8–3.8)

2.2 (1.3–3.1)

2.0 (1.2–2.7)

1.5 (1.0–2.2)

1.5 (0.8–2.2)

1.72 (0.76)

 p

ns

ns

p = 0.05

ns

ns

p = 0.05

HAQ-S [0–8], median (IQR)

 Naïve

1 (0.8–1.7)

0.75 (0.2–1.0)

0.5 (0.0–1.0)

0.1 (0.0–0.5)

0.1 (0.0–0.5)

0.0 (0.0–0.4)

 Non-naïve

1.4 (1.0–1.9)

1.0 (0.5–1.3)

0.8 (0.3–1.2)

0.5 (0.1–1.2)

0.4 (0.0–0.8)

0.3 (0.0–0.7)

 p

ns

ns

ns

ns

ns

ns

VAS-pain [0–10], median (IQR)

 Naïve

7 (6–8)

4 (2–6)

3.5 (2–5)

2.5 (1–4)

2 (0–4)

1 (0–4)

 Non-naïve

7 (6–8)

5 (3–7)

4 (2–6)

3 (1–5)

2 (1–5)

2 (1–4)

 p

ns

ns

ns

ns

ns

ns

VAS-GH [0–10], median (IQR)

 Naïve

7 (5–7)

4 (3–6)

4 (2–6)

2 (1–5)

2 (0–4)

1 (0–4)

 Non-naïve

7 (5–8)

5 (3–6)

4 (3–6)

4 (2–6)

3 (1–6)

3 (1–5)

 p

ns

ns

ns

p = 0.04

p = 0.05

p = 0.04

VAS-PH [0–10], median (IQR)

 Naïve

7 (5–7)

4 (2–5)

4 (1–2)

2 (0–3)

1 (0–3)

1 (0–3)

 Non-naïve

7 (5–7)

4 (3–6)

3 (1–5)

2 (1–5)

1 (0.0–4.5)

1 (0–3)

 p

ns

ns

ns

ns

ns

ns

BASDAI [0–10], median (IQR)

 Naïve

5.5 (4.7–6.7)

3.5 (2.0–4.1)

2.2 (1.3–4.3)

1.1 (0.3–2.3)

1.0 (0.0–2.4)

0.3 (0.0–2.1)

 Non-naïve

5.5 (4.8–7.2)

3.6 (2.0–5.4)

2.9 (1.8–4.8)

2.1 (0.8–4.1)

1.9 (0.2–3.9)

1.6 (0.0–3.0)

 p

ns

ns

ns

p = 0.05

p = 0.05

p = 0.04

BASFI [0–10], median (IQR)

 Naïve

6 (4.8–7)

3.3 (2.3–4.6)

2.0 (1.5–3.0)

1.0 (0.8–2.3)

1.0 (0.2–2.0)

0.8 (0.1–2.0)

 Non-naïve

5.8 (4.1–7.0)

4.1 (2.5–5.5)

3.0 (1.9–4.5)

2.1 (1.1–3.5)

1.7 (0.8–2.2)

1.3 (0.0–2.7)

 p

ns

ns

ns

p = 0.05

p = 0.05

p = 0.04