Fig. 1
From: Infrapatellar fat pad as a source of biomarkers and therapeutic target for knee osteoarthritis
IPFP composition and proposed interaction between IPFP and other knee tissues. IPFP is mainly composed of adipocytes but can also hold immune cells, endothelial cells (ECs), mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), stem cells, and neuronal cells (NCs) (right). IPFP secretes pro-inflammatory mediators that induce extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and inflammation in chondrocytes [15], synoviocytes [16], and fibroblasts [25]. However, it has been reported that IPFP promotes cartilage anabolism [26] or protects from cartilage damage [20] (left). Created with Biorender