Fig. 1

Functional connectivity pipelines. Preprocessing panel displays the default MNI pipeline in the CONN toolbox that requires both structural (T1 weighted) and functional (T2* weighted) MRI images. The preprocessed smoothed (swau) images were then used for. independent component analysis (ICA), which along with a default mode network (DMN) template identified the DMN. Six insula subregions were also extracted as spheres of 6 mm surrounding a peak voxel. Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) coordinates for each voxel include left anterior insula (LantIC): x =– 32, y = 16, z = 6; left mid insula (LmidIC): x =– 38, y = 2, z = 8; left posterior insula (LpIC): x =– 39, y =– 15, z = 1; right anterior insula (RantIC): x = 32, y = 16, z = 6; right mid insula (RmidIC): x = 38, y = 2, z = 8; right posterior insula (RpIC): x = 39, y =– 15, z = 8. The timeseries of the DMN and insula subregions were extracted from the preprocessed unsmoothed (wau) images and denoised for motion, physiological noise (band-pass filtering) and white matter (WM) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) signals. Functional connectivity between the DMN and the six insula regions were used in a region-of-interest (ROI) analysis to look for associates with FMness score. A seed to voxel analyses was also run with all seven regions for FMness score but only the posterior insula regions for the overall body pain NRS.

Adapted from Scheinost et al. (2017), while the figure was partly generated using Servier Medical Art, licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 (unported license) and edited using Inkscape (2020).