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Table 3 Clinical characteristics of the patients at last observation

From: Clinical and immunological biomarkers can identify proliferative changes and predict renal flares in lupus nephritis

Clinical characteristics at the last follow-up

All 53 patients

43 Patients who did not develop renal flare

10 Patients who developed renal flare

Follow-up months

60.69 (37.20–78.70

63.56 (44.13–80.87)

28.19(24.83–39.38)

Serum creatinine (mg/dL)

0.80 (0.68–0.95)

0.77 (0.66–0.89)

0.89 (0.81–0.95)

eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m²)

93.52 (79.47-107.56)

95.94 (84.80-108.39)

89.39 (79.42–93.61)

Proteinuria (g/24 h)

0.12 (0.09–0.26)

0.12 (0.08–0.26)

0.22 (0.12–0.48)

Arterial hypertension

27 (50.9)

21 (39.6)

6 (11.3)

Red Blood cells /ul

4465 (4095–4782)

4535 (4130-4842.5)

4395 (4032.5–4570)

C3 (mg/dl)

86 (75–105)

86 (76–106)

78.50 (65-94.25)

C4 (mg/dl)

14 (10–21)

15 (11–21)

11 (8-15.50)

Anti-DNA antibodies IU/mL

35 (10-89.5)

28 (9.83–71.28)

74.90 (36.5–184)

Anti.C1q antibodies UA

19 (10–42)

17 (9.5-30.75)

33 (25.55–55.5)

Hydroxychloroquine n. (%)

46 (86.79)

40 (93.02)

6 (60%)

Prednisone mg/day

5(2.5-5)

5(2.5-5)

5(5–5)

NO IS/Aza/CsA/MMF/belimumab n. (%)

1 (1.9)/ 4 (7.5) /1 (1.9)/47* (88.8)

0 (2.3)/4 (9.3)/1 (2.3)/37 (86%)**

0/0/0/10 (100) ***

Complete/partial remission/CKD/ PALN

45 (84.9%)/4 (7.5%)/3 (5.7%)/ 1(1.9)

37 (86.04)/2 (4.6), 2(4.6)/1 (2.3)

7/2/1

Death

1

1

0

  1. Legend: SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus, n.: number; eGFR: glomerular filtration rate; Aza: azathioprine; CsA: cyclosporine: MMF: mycophenolate Mofetil; CKd: chronic kidney dysfunction; PALN: persistent active LN
  2. *MMF + Calcineurin inhibitors: 5 patients; ** MMF + Calcineurin inhibitors: 2 patients; *** MMF + Calcineurin inhibitors: 3 patients