Fig. 2

ROC Curve (A) and Calibration Curve (B) of the Model. (A) The ROC curve of the model shows an AUC of 0.819 (95% CI: 0.775–0.863), indicating good discriminative ability. (B) The calibration curve of the model features the diagonal line representing the reference line, which indicates the actual occurrence of OP in RA patients, while the black dashed line represents the model’s predictions