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Volume 4 Supplement 3

The Scientific Basis of Rheumatology

Reviews

Edited by Marc Feldmann, Hideaki Nagase, Jeremy Saklatvala, Mark Walport

Funded by an unrestricted educational grant from Abbott Immunology.

  2. Single nucleotide polymorphisms are the most important and basic form of variation in the genome, and they are responsible for genetic effects that produce susceptibility to most autoimmune diseases. The rapid...

    Authors: John I Bell
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2002 4(Suppl 3):S273
    Content type: Review Published on:

  4. The strong association between specific alleles encoded within the MHC class II region and the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has provided the best evidence to date that CD4+ T cells play a role in the ...

    Authors: Andrew P Cope
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2002 4(Suppl 3):S197
    Content type: Review Published on:

  6. T-cell activation requires interaction of T-cell antigen receptors with proteins of the major histocompatibility complex (antigen). This interaction takes place in a specialized cell–cell junction referred to ...

    Authors: Michael L Dustin
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2002 4(Suppl 3):S119
    Content type: Review Published on:

  7. The elucidation of the signalling pathways involved in inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, could provide long sought after targets for therapeutic intervention. Gene regulation is complex and ...

    Authors: Nicole J Horwood, Clive Smith, Evangelos Andreakos, Emilia Quattrocchi, Fionula M Brennan, Marc Feldmann and Brian MJ Foxwell
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2002 4(Suppl 3):S215
    Content type: Review Published on:

  8. Tissue engineering offers new strategies for developing treatments for the repair and regeneration of damaged and diseased tissues. These treatments, using living cells, will exploit new developments in unders...

    Authors: Tim Hardingham, Simon Tew and Alan Murdoch
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2002 4(Suppl 3):S63
    Content type: Review Published on:

  9. Interactions with endothelium are necessary for leukocytes to pass from the blood into extravascular tissues, and such interactions are facilitated in inflammation by the coordinated expression of endothelial ...

    Authors: Dorian O Haskard and R Clive Landis
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2002 4(Suppl 3):S91
    Content type: Review Published on:

  11. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common chronic autoimmunopathy, clinically leading to joint destruction as a consequence of the chronic inflammatory processes. The pathogenesis of this disabling disease ...

    Authors: Hanns-Martin Lorenz and Joachim R Kalden
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2002 4(Suppl 3):S17
    Content type: Review Published on:

  12. IL-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine with a wide range of biological activities in immune regulation, hematopoiesis, inflammation, and oncogenesis. Its activities are shared by IL-6-related cytokines such as leukemi...

    Authors: Tetsuji Naka, Norihiro Nishimoto and Tadamitsu Kishimoto
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2002 4(Suppl 3):S233
    Content type: Review Published on:

  13. Understanding of how interactions between genes and environment contribute to the development of arthritis is a central issue in understanding the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as well as for eventual...

    Authors: Lars Klareskog, Johnny Lorentzen, Leonid Padyukov and Lars Alfredsson
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2002 4(Suppl 3):S31
    Content type: Review Published on:

  14. Immune responses are initiated in the T-cell areas of secondary lymphoid organs where naïve T lymphocytes encounter dendritic cells (DCs) that present antigens taken up in peripheral tissues. DCs represent the...

    Authors: Federica Sallusto and Antonio Lanzavecchia
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2002 4(Suppl 3):S127
    Content type: Review Published on:

  15. There are currently unprecedented opportunities to treat rheumatoid arthritis using well-designed, highly effective, targeted therapies. This will result in a substantial improvement in the outcome of this dis...

    Authors: Hani D El-Gabalawy and Peter E Lipsky
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2002 4(Suppl 3):S297
    Content type: Review Published on:

  16. Signal transduction induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family members and their receptors has been an intensive area of research for several years. The major impact of these studies has been the delineatio...

    Authors: Tak W Mak and Wen-Chen Yeh
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2002 4(Suppl 3):S243
    Content type: Review Published on:

  17. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and lymphotoxin (LT) α/β play multiple roles in the development and function of the immune system. This article focuses on three important aspects of the effects of these cytokine...

    Authors: Hugh McDevitt, Sibyl Munson, Rachel Ettinger and Ava Wu
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2002 4(Suppl 3):S141
    Content type: Review Published on:

  19. The role of matrix metalloproteinases in the degradative events invoked in the cartilage and bone of arthritic joints has long been appreciated and attempts at the development of proteinase inhibitors as poten...

    Authors: Gillian Murphy, Vera Knäuper, Susan Atkinson, George Butler, William English, Mike Hutton, Jan Stracke and Ian Clark
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2002 4(Suppl 3):S39
    Content type: Review Published on:

  21. This paper presents a brief review of several lines of evidence suggesting that chemokine receptors on dendritic cells play an important role in breaking tolerance to self and in inducing autoimmunity. First, ...

    Authors: Joost J Oppenheim, De Yang, Arya Biragyn, OM Zack Howard and Paul Plotz
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2002 4(Suppl 3):S183
    Content type: Review Published on:

  22. The expansion of the synovial lining of joints in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the subsequent invasion by the pannus of underlying cartilage and bone necessitate an increase in the vascular supply to the syno...

    Authors: Ewa M Paleolog
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2002 4(Suppl 3):S81
    Content type: Review Published on:

  23. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is the prototypic proinflammatory cytokine and endothelial cells are the principal cellular targets of its actions. Here I review the responses of endothelial cells to TNF, with emp...

    Authors: Jordan S Pober
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2002 4(Suppl 3):S109
    Content type: Review Published on:

  24. Authors: Marc Feldmann, Hideaki Nagase, Jeremy Saklatvala and Mark Walport
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2002 4(Suppl 3):I
    Content type: Preface Published on:

  25. The prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is relatively constant in many populations, at 0.5–1.0%. However, a high prevalence of RA has been reported in the Pima Indians (5.3%) and in the Chippewa Indians (6...

    Authors: Alan J Silman and Jacqueline E Pearson
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2002 4(Suppl 3):S265
    Content type: Review Published on:

  27. Genetic susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a common autoimmune disease, is associated with certain HLA-DR4 alleles. Treatments are rarely curative and are often tied to major side effects. We describ...

    Authors: Rüdiger Eming, Kevin Visconti, Frances Hall, Chiyoko Sekine, Kayta Kobayashi, Qun Chen, Andrew Cope, Satoshi Kanazawa, Matija Peterlin, Antonius Rijnders, Annemieke Boots, Jan Meijerink and Grete Sønderstrup
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2002 4(Suppl 3):S133
    Content type: Review Published on:

  29. Angiogenesis is a prominent feature of rheumatoid synovitis. Formation of new blood vessels permits a supply of nutrients and oxygen to the augmented inflammatory cell mass and so contributes to perpetuation o...

    Authors: Peter C Taylor
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2002 4(Suppl 3):S99
    Content type: Review Published on:

  30. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the paradigm of a multisystem autoimmune disease in which genetic factors strongly influence susceptibility. Through genome scans and congenic dissection, numerous loci as...

    Authors: Charles Nguyen, Nisha Limaye and Edward K Wakeland
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2002 4(Suppl 3):S255
    Content type: Review Published on:

  31. Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a 14-15-kDa member of the 4α helix bundle family of cytokines that stimulate T and NK (natural killer) cells. IL-15 and IL-2 utilize heterotrimeric receptors that include the cytokine...

    Authors: Thomas Waldmann
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2002 4(Suppl 3):S161
    Content type: Review Published on:

  32. Signals emanating from receptors of the tumor necrosis factor/nerve growth factor (TNF/NGF) family control practically all aspects of immune defense and, as such, constitute potential targets for therapeutic i...

    Authors: David Wallach, Thangavelu U Arumugam, Mark P Boldin, Giuseppina Cantarella, Koluman A Ganesh, Yuri Goltsev, Tanya M Goncharov, Andrew V Kovalenko, Akhil Rajput, Eugene E Varfolomeev and Si Qing Zhang
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2002 4(Suppl 3):S189
    Content type: Review Published on:

  33. Complement is implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in several ways and may act as both friend and foe. Homozygous deficiency of any of the proteins of the classical pathway is c...

    Authors: Mark J Walport
    Citation: Arthritis Research & Therapy 2002 4(Suppl 3):S279
    Content type: Review Published on:
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Arthritis Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1478-6362

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